Authors: Nadia Akseer1,2, Sonia Hamadi2, Zainab Hashimi3, Nesarualhaq Shadab4, Hana Tasic1,2 Affiliations: 1 Johns Hopkins University (USA) 2 Modern Scientist Global (Canada) 3 Bard College (USA) 4 University of California, Berkeley (USA) 1 Introduction and Background The return of the Taliban on August 15, 2021, brought significant changes to Afghanistan’s social, political, and institutional landscape,…